Compound and mixtures

Mixtures can be divided into two main types:

1. Homogeneous Mixture A homogeneous mixture is a mixture where the components are completely mixed and appear as one uniform substance. Example: Sugar dissolved in water – the sugar completely mixes with water and cannot be seen separately.

2. Heterogeneous Mixture A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture where the components do not mix completely and can be seen separately. Example: Oil and water – the oil floats on top of the water, and they do not mix together.

A compound is a pure chemical substance that is formed when two or more different elements are combined chemically. The elements lose their original properties and form a new substance with new properties.

Examples of compounds:

1. Water (H₂O) – formed by hydrogen and oxygen.
2. Common salt (NaCl) – formed by sodium and chlorine.
3. Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) – formed by sodium, carbon, and oxygen.

1. Compounds cannot be separated by physical means like filtering or evaporation.
2. The properties of a compound are different from the properties of the elements that form it.
3. Heat is usually absorbed or released when a compound is formed.